1. Low Power Steering Fluid: If the power steering fluid is low, it can cause the steering to become stiff and difficult to turn.
2. Faulty Power Steering Pump: A malfunctioning or failing power steering pump can reduce the amount of assistance provided to the steering mechanism, making it harder to steer.
3. Damaged or Worn Steering Rack: Issues with the steering rack, such as damage or excessive wear, can lead to heavy steering.
4. Tire Pressure: Low tire pressure can make steering more difficult because it increases the contact area and friction between the tires and the road.
5. Suspension Problems: Issues with the suspension system, such as worn-out shock absorbers or struts, can affect the ease of steering.
6. Steering Column Issues: Problems with the steering column, including binding or stiffness in the column, can cause heavy steering.
7. Alignment Issues: Improper wheel alignment can make steering more difficult by causing the wheels to resist turning.
8. Obstructions in the Steering Mechanism: Debris or obstructions in the steering mechanism can cause stiffness.
9. Belt Problems: A loose or broken serpentine belt can affect the power steering pump’s operation, leading to heavy steering.
10. Ball Joint or Tie Rod Problems: Worn or damaged ball joints or tie rods can make steering more difficult.

If you experience heavy steering, it’s important to have your vehicle inspected by a qualified mechanic to diagnose and address the issue properly.

The most common steering failure is related to the power steering system, particularly the loss of power steering fluid. This can be caused by leaks in the power steering hoses, pump, or rack and pinion. Here are the key points of this common issue:

1. Power Steering Fluid Leaks: Leaks are often caused by worn seals or damaged hoses. Without sufficient fluid, the power steering system can’t provide the necessary hydraulic assistance, making the steering feel heavy and difficult to maneuver.
2. Power Steering Pump Failure: The pump can wear out over time or fail due to a lack of lubrication from low fluid levels. A failing pump can lead to a loss of power steering assistance.
3. Steering Rack Issues: The rack and pinion system can develop leaks or wear out, leading to a loss of hydraulic pressure and steering assistance.
4. Hose and Line Failures: The hoses and lines that carry power steering fluid can crack or burst, leading to fluid leaks and a loss of steering assistance.
5. Belt Problems: The serpentine belt that drives the power steering pump can become loose or break, leading to a loss of power steering function.

Regular maintenance and prompt attention to any signs of power steering issues, such as unusual noises, stiffness, or visible fluid leaks, can help prevent these common failures and ensure safe vehicle operation.